Integrated water resources management

Source: T. A. Terekhanova, B. Helm, J. Traenckner and P. Krebs, 2012. IWRM decision support with material flow analysis: consideration of urban system input.

This MFA was created as part of a review of material flow analysis tools by the authors who examined the potential of MFA in the field of integrated water resources management (IWRM) in urban systems. In the above diagram, depicted emission pathways include Flows from combined sewer system diverted directly into receiving water object (C7) and Effluent from municipal WWTP (E1). I find the diagram to be compelling, and wonder how it would work as a base for a substance flow analysis looking at pollutants.